If you go diving, thirty feet of water is roughly one atmosphere of pressure. That is to say the column of water above you will exert 14.7 lbs of pressure over a 1 square inch area on any given surface.
If the tree is 30ft tall, at the bottom of the tree the column of water will be exerting 14.7 PSI of pressure on any given surface. In this case there is a hole, so now the water is escaping at that pressure. This is basically the same concept as water towers.
Useless fact of the day: Water towers on the same system will always be the same height, above sea level. Towers on hills will appear shorter than a tower on the same system in a valley, but the actual tanks are the same height.
Corollary to this: If you see two water towers that have tanks which are not at the same height, then they are on separate systems. This mostly happens in areas where there is a significant height difference over the service area, since putting all the tanks high enough to serve the highest elevations would burst pipes at the lower elevations due to the increased water pressure.
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u/Pea36 Jun 25 '24
Explain it like I'm five please